Immunhistochemistry
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Which and how many markers should be applied for tumors?
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Usually, the histopathological evaluation of routine HE-stained slides allows to make a suspected diagnosis, and immunohistochemistry can be employed to confirm the diagnosis. In such cases, 1-2 immunohistochemical markers are usually sufficient. However, with round cell tumors and poorly differentiated tumors a larger number of markers may be necessary. According to the histopathological findings, Vetscope Pathologie recommends you the number and selection of markers best suited for the respective case.
Vetscope Pathologie aims to keep your costs as low as possible, and is thus keen to employ the lowest number of markers possible. For a fast result, a complete marker panel (e.g. round cell panel, melanoma panel) is recommended, as it comes with a reduced price compared to single markers. A more cost-sensitive approach is the step-by-step application of single markers according to the exclusion principle. However, with this approach, the final diagnosis determination may be delayed for 1-2 weeks.
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Which markers for which cell types are available?
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Vetscope Pathologie can currently offer the markers listed below. Vetscope Pathologie aims to expand the list continuously.
T lymphocytes (pro-thymocytes to mature t cells)
B lymphocytes (pre-B cells to activated B cells, rarely also in T cell lymphomas)
B lymphocytes (pre-pro-B cells to plasma cells)
B lymphocytes (pre-pro-B cells to activated B cells)
Plasma cells, also follicular B cells, activated T cells, certain histiocytic cells
Histiocytic cells (makrophages, dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, Kupffer cells, etc.)
Epithelial cells (includes cytokeratines 1-8, 10, 14-16 and 19)
Myoepithelial cells
Mesenchymal cells
Smooth muscle cells, striated muscle cells, myofibroblasts
Smooth muscle cells, striated muscle cells, myoepithelial cells, myofibroblasts
Astrocytes, ependymal cells, variably expressed in Schwann cells
Endothelial cells, megakaryocytes
Endothelial cells, megakaryocytes, platelets, variably expressed in macrophages
Melanocytes (not horse), steroid-producing cells
Melanocytes
Mast cells, GIST, hematopoietic stem cells
Neuroendocrine cells
Neuroendocrine cells
Thyroid follicular cells
Thyroid interstitial / C-cells
CD3
CD20
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CD79a
Pax5
MUM-1
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Iba-1
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Pan-Zytokeratin
p63
Vimentin
Desmin
alphaSMA
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GFAP
vWF
CD31
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MelanA
Melanoma/PNL2
c-KIT/CD117
Synaptophysin
Chromagranin A
Thyroglobulin
Calcitonin
Additional markers and immunocytochemistry on request.